Editorial comment on: Mechanisms of prostate atrophy after glandular botulinum neurotoxin type A injection: an experimental study in the rat.

نویسنده

  • Riccardo Autorino
چکیده

[5] Chuang YC, Chiang PH, Huang CC, Yoshimura N, Chancellor MB. Botulinumtoxin typeA improvesbenignprostatic hyperplasia symptoms in patients with small prostates. Urology 2005;66:775–9. [6] Doggweiler R, Zermann DH, Ishigooka M, Schmidt RA. Botoxinduced prostatic involution. Prostate 1998;37:44–50. [7] Lin ATL, Yang AH, Chen K-K. Effects of botulinum toxin A on the contractile function of dog prostate. Eur Urol 2007;52:582–9. [8] Dolly JO, Aoki KR. The structure and mode of action of different botulinum toxins. Eur J Neurol 2006;13(Suppl 4):1–9. [9] Chuang YC, Huang CC, Kang HY, et al. Novel action of botulinum toxin on the stromal and epithelial components of the prostate gland. J Urol 2006;175:158–63. [10] Chuang YC, Chancellor MB. The application of botulinum toxin in the prostate. J Urol 2006;176:2375–82. [11] Smith CP, Franks ME, McNeil BK, et al. Effect of botulinum toxin A on the autonomic nervous system of the rat lower urinary tract. J Urol 2003;169:1896–900. [12] Jones OM, Moore JA, Brading AF, Mortensen NJ. Botulinum toxin injection inhibitsmyogenic tone and sympathetic nerve function in the porcine internal anal sphincter. Colorectal Dis 2003;5:552–7. [13] Duggan MJ, Quinn CP, Chaddock JA, et al. Inhibition of release of neurotransmitters from rat dorsal root ganglia by a novel conjugate of a clostridium botulinum toxin A endopeptidase fragment and erythrina cristagalli lectin. Biol Chem 2002;277:34846–52. [14] Rapp DE, Turk KW, Bales GT, Cook SP. Botulinum toxin type A inhibits calcitonin gene-related peptide release from isolated rat bladder. J Urol 2006;175:1138–42. [15] Witte LPW, Chapple CR, de la Rosette JJMCH, Michel MC. Cholinergic innervation and muscarinic receptors in the human prostate. Eur Urol 2008;54:326–34. [16] Pennefather JN, Lau WA, Mitchelson F, Ventura S. The autonomic and sensory innervation of the smooth muscle of the prostate gland: a review of pharmacological and histological studies. Auton Pharmacol 2000;20:193–206. [17] Dinis P, Charrua A, Avelino A, et al. The distribution of sensory fibers immunoreactive for the TRPV1 (capsaicin) receptor in the human prostate. Eur Urol 2005;48:162–7. [18] Ramien M, Ruocco I, Cuello AC, St. Louis M, Ribeiro-da-Silva A. Parasympathetic nerve fibers invade the upper dermis following

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عنوان ژورنال:
  • European urology

دوره 56 1  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2009